After Poland regained its independence, the District Court in Biała Podlaska, with the Warsaw Appellate Court, was established in the new structure of court system. It functioned as the Biała Podlaska court covering the following counties: Biała Podlaska, Konstantynów, Radzyń Podlaski and Włodawa. The district consisted of the smaller districts of courts with justices of peace (later transformed into municipal courts). The purpose of the article is to present the history of changes of the court as an institution, the way its office functioned, i.e. documented its activity and secured its documentary legacy. The significance of the institution for the Biała Podlaska region as well as the richness of information concerning the local community contained in its documentary legacy seem to be the main reasons for analyzing the above problem.