Abstract: This article examines a network-based approach to economic sanctions that restrict economic actors’ access to resources and markets. The author’s intention is to examine sanctions through the lens of hybrid operations that have been conducted for over five years along the Polish-Belarusian border. The purpose of the article is to present selected theoretical issues in the fields of sociology, economics, and national security, relating to the specific nature and classification of economic sanctions and hybrid conflict. The article presents the results of research that identified links between economic entities with Belarusian and Russian capital that are subject to sanctions initiated by the European Union, including Poland, which directly borders the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation on the external border of the EU. Material and methods: For the purposes of this article, social network analysis was employed, the UCINET and NetDraw software, along with a critical yet constructive synthesis of the relevant literature and statistical data, which were used to create visualizations of network connections. The presented material fills a gap in research and studies concerning the socioeconomic dimension of the hybrid conflict on the Polish- Belarusian border, taking into account the origins and key stages of the conflict. Results: The structures presented, which are the results of the analysis, exhibit various configurations of nodes and connections between nodes. We are dealing with networks characterized by high density and closeness, featuring a star-like structure and an actor with a high degree. Furthermore, these structures clearly exhibit a bridge-type connection, the severing of which is equivalent to the network breaking down into smaller components with limited access to certain nodes. In the analyzed network systems, one can also identify a compact and dense subnetwork comprising most European Union member states as well as entities with Russian and Belarusian capital. It should be noted that within the network, so-called “cliques” i.e., networks consisting of three or four interconnected nodes. When analyzing the distribution of connections, it is worth emphasizing that, in addition to the dominant star model and networks characterized by high density and closeness, nodes acting as network brokers (intermediaries) have emerged, which are distinguished by heightened activity among entities subject to sanctions. Conclusions: The research indicates that economic sanctions constitute a significant element of hybrid conflict, and the broad spectrum of entities forming a network of strong yet extensive sanction-related connections provides grounds for considering the sanctions policy effective and efficient. A key aspect of the analysis is, among other things, the emphasis on network parameters such as: node degree, network intermediaries, bridge ties, and strong and weak ties, which allow for a precise assessment of the potential effectiveness of sanctions – both economically and politically – imposed on the basis of widely legitimized and accepted measures aimed at countering hybrid conflict.