Introduction: The article aims to present the degree of health-related behaviour in female students of nursing in Poland and Latvia. Material and Methods: The study involved 140 female students, with 65 coming from Poland and 75 from Latvia. The applied research tool was The Health Care Inventory designed by Juczyński. Height and weight were also measured to calculate the BMI. Results: The majority of the Polish female students (49.84%) were reported to demonstrate a low level of health-related behaviour, while the majority Latvians, i.e. 45.33 %, represented an average level of such a behaviour. Statistically, the Polish female students showed a significantly higher level of appropriate dietary habits than the Latvian ones (p = 0.02). In comparisons to the standardised group’s results, there were significant statistical differences in three categories of health-related behaviours: in the area of appropriate dietary habits (p = 0.001 for Latvia and Poland), positive mental attitude (p = 0.01 Latvia, p = 0.04 Poland) and health-related practices (p = 0.001 Latvia; p = 0.03 Poland). Conclusions: The obtained results indicate that there is a need of monitoring health-related behaviours in future nurses to prevent the development of civilisation diseases.