The main purpose of this article is to identify the most important factors contributing to the emergence and operation of social movements. Social movements appear as a vital and variable phenomenon. They are real creations and always work towards a change. The article is an attempt to answer the question about the effectiveness of these activities. The social movement is perceived as the most common form of collective social activity pursuing the assumed aims. The goals set by such a movement relate to the needs and interests wanted to be achieved. Such joint activity occurs when people realize that goals cannot be achieved alone, but only through joint actions. The action is based on common methods focused on equal values and ideology. This leads to the transformation of social reality. The essence of the dynamics of social movements will be also discussed in the article. Each social movement undergoes certain stages of its vitality. The beginning of a movement is its creation, then development, realization of intended goals, so that the movement disappears at the end.