Among the specific issues affecting the Polish terrorist threats, the following ought to be included: membership in NATO structures, the EU, the participation in peace-keeping and stabilization operations in the framework of the alliance with the United States, threats of terrorist hijacking of Polish citizens residing outside the country, as well as attacks within the territory of the Republic of Poland on the citizens of other countries. Threats of terrorist attacks can also generate interpenetration of activities of terrorist organizations and organized crime groups in Poland (arms trafficking, human trafficking, drug trafficking), which is a result of the geographical location of Poland. Due to the high media presence and social interest, the organization of mass events of high rank may contribute to an increased risk of terrorist acts. The development of modern technology carries the risk of the use of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) or a threat for the systems of critical infrastructure by attacks of cyber-terrorists, which makes it necessary for the adequate organs and institutions to take the appropriate actions aimed at their prevention and proper preparation of a response to and recovery from potential attacks in the event of their occurrence. Threats to the Polish security should be seen both from international terrorism perspective, as well as from the perspective of unstable political, economic and social situation of its closest neighbors (Belarus, Ukraine, Russia).