This article presents an analysis of surveys concerning the knowledge of rural household inhabitants on premedical aid in the most common accidents. The gathered information allowed us to determine the level of knowledge of farmers and their family members on different types of injuries and also to indicate the subject areas where the correctness of their answers was the lowest. Despite the fact that in present-day times first-aid courses are run in all types of institutions, such as schools, workplaces and driving schools, the respondents’ knowledge is still unsatisfactory, and almost 30% of them have never taken part in a course of this type. Over half the respondents (56%) declared readiness to help if the need for resuscitation arose. The remaining part would not take any actions, most frequently giving stress and fear of worsening the victim’s condition as the reason. Such a state of affairs is to a considerable degree influenced by the knowledge of the respondents – the correctness of the answers in the area of resuscitation was the lowest, i.e. 59.5%.