The social aspect of religion is an integral element of reflection for social scientists. The examination of the specific relationship of the society and religion is validated at least for the fact that there has not yet been described any religion that could function outside a society. Thus, the functioning of humans in various religious conditions and circumstances of life is sometimes a worthwhile target of the cognitive process. In this article we are attempting to present a general religiosity of people serving sentences of imprisonment. The attitude of prisoners to religion has been presented in the context of the transformation of religion in the modern world and the presented analyzes have been based on the collected research material that was obtained by the authors in one of the penitentiary institutions in the Biała Podlaska County. It was noted that in many aspects the declarations towards religion of the ones that are serving a sentence of imprisonment only slightly differ from the declarations towards religion of the rest of Polish society. The results of these studies have confirmed the thesis formulated by sociologists of religion in the 80s that the Polish public attitudes towards religion are two-fold; the first one is of a nationwide character and the second one of an everyday one.